You hear the irony on the news – we see famine in parts of
our planet yet a global obesity epidemic has worsened over the past 20 years. It’s particularly obvious in the U.S.: more
than 1/3 of U.S. adults (35.7%) and approximately 17% (or 12.5 million) of
children between 2—19 years old are
obese.
What does it mean to be “obese”? The Center for Disease
Control (CDC) defines an obese person as one with a body mass index (BMI) of 30
or higher, while an overweight person has a BMI of 25 or higher. Go ahead and check your BMI with an online table or calculator and report back.
More than just an image issue

- Coronary heart disease
- Type 2 diabetes
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)>
- High cholesterol / high levels of triglycerides
- Stroke
- Cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon)
- Liver and gallbladder disease
- Sleep apnea and respiratory problems
- Osteoarthritis (a degeneration of joint tissue).

Environmental
and genetic factors contribute to body type and condition, but our behavior (aka diet and exercise) is the
key aspect of our lives that we can change to prevent and help treat
weight-related illness. But which
behaviors are most likely to prevent weight gain?
Energy savers
According to the CDC and the World Health Organization, overweight
and obesity result from eating too many calories and not getting enough
physical activity. As more of us remain seated at our computers or on motorized
transportation, we do get much less physical activity than our ancestors did.
However, it seems that overeating, more than our lack of activity,
is to blame for gaining weight, according to recent research led by Herman
Pontzer of Hunter College.
Pontzer and his team measured the energy (calories) burned
by members of the Hadza people, a group of traditional hunter-gatherers in Tanzania that lead physically
active lives. The Hadza walk miles each
day: women forage for tubers, berries, and wild plants while carrying water or
babies on their backs, and men collect honey and hunt with bows &
arrows.
Hadza men returning from a hunt. Photo: Andreas Lederer
The Hadza don’t suffer from Western diet-related diseases such as heart disease or diabetes, a testament to their active lifestyle. However, despite their greater physical activity, the number of calories that the Hadza burned per day was no different from that of typical adults in Europe and the U.S.
How could this
be? I wondered this too.
Apparently, even for very active people, the body’s continual
internal maintenance of its temperature, cells and systems – not our daily run, swim, or Zumba
class – accounts for most of the calories burned in a given day.
Pontzer and his colleagues think that energy (calories again)
used by the Hadza for normal at-rest functioning may be less than that of less
active people, so their total energy expenditure was similar to those among
modern populations. In other words, our
bodies may be able to adjust our energy needs to our daily routines to keep
total energy expenditure stable.
I’m a huge fan of exercise, and I believe it is
essential to staying fit, both physically and mentally (yes, I go crazy after a
couple of days if I cannot exercise, though this may stem from the equally
great joy I get from eating!). But despite
the numerous health benefits of working out,
there seems to be little correlation between a person’s level of physical
activity and how fat he or she becomes. Or,
in Pontzer’s words, “We’re getting fat
because we eat too much, not because we’re sedentary.”
According to the CDC and the World Health Organization, overweight and obesity result from eating too many calories and not getting enough physical activity. As more of us remain seated at our computers or on motorized transportation, we do get much less physical activity than our ancestors did. Walgreens Coupon code 2019
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